P.25#1-18

March.25
Page 25 Question Number 1-18

1.What five life processes do cells perform?
Ans: Movement, Growth, Reproduction, Exchange of Gases, Response to Sitimuli.

2.List the five organelles that are common to plant and animal cells, what are their functions?
Ans:
         Organelles found in both animal and plant cells
Cytoplasm - Substances that support the organelles.
Mitochondrion- Power house where energy is supplied.
Ribosome- Helps the sythnesis of proteins.
Nucleus- Control center of a cell.
Vacuole- Storage of nutrient/waste.

3.What are three differences between plant and animal cells?
Ans: 1.There's no cell wall in an animal cell.
2. Animal cells can't photosynthesis.
3.Plant cells doesn't have centrioles.

4.Why can the granum and thylakoid structures be describes as "Solar collectors"?
Ans: Because grannum and thylakoid structures only absorb solar light from the sun to get energy.

5.Prepare a table that summarized the organelles and structures found in plant and animal cells.

Animal Cell: Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum, Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum, Nucleolus, Nucleus, Chromatin, Cell Membrane, Cytoskeleton, Vacuole, Mitochondrion, Iysosome, Cytoplasm, Golgi Apparatus, Ribosomes.

Plant Cell: Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum, Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum, Nucleolus, Nucleus, Chromatin, Cell Wall, Cytoskeleton, Central Vacuole, Mitochondrion, Iysosome, Cytoplasm, Golgi Apparatus, Ribosomes, Cell membrane, chloroplast.

6.Explain how fluorescence microscopy works?
Ans: In fluorscence microscopy, fluorescent substances are added to the cells.

7.Name two types of electron microscopes that are used by cell biologists.
Ans: Transmission electron microscope and Scanning electron microscope.

8.What is the name of the image created by an electron microscope?
Ans: Electron Microgarph.

9.Explain why the cell can be considered to be the "building block" of life.
Ans: A cell is the smallest "life" and all living organisms are made from cells.

10.Explain the importance of contrast in microscopy?
Ans: It's important to see contrast because it can be difficult to see the cell parts because both the cell and its background may be pale or transparent.

11.What two things can you do to create contrast when you use a compound light microscope?
Ans: Scientists use stains to improve the contrast between a cell's structures and the background and to produce better images.

12.Explain why a cell biologist would choose to use an electron microscope rather than a light microscope. When would a light microscope be preferred?
Ans: A cell biologist would use an electron microscope because a better picture where the organelles can be seen can be produced.

13.What details of a microscope would you need to know to determine the total magnification of the system?
Ans: You need to know the power about the objective lenses.

14.Explain why you would expect the cells of a desert plant, such as cactus to have thickened cell walls.
Ans: A thicker cell wall preserves more water, and will help the cactus survive better.

15.Think about the function of the mitochondria. You have been asked to view cells taken from the leg muscles of an athlete and cells taken from the skin of an elderly individual. What differences in the number of mitochondria would you see in the two samples? Explain.
Ans: A young athlete will probably have more mitochondrias in his leg muscle cells, since he's more active and requires more energy which means more mitochondria in his cells to provide the energy. So the elderly individual would likely have less or little mitochondria in her cells since not as much energy is generated and used.

16.Explain how a microscope may be used to assess human health
Ans: A microscope can be used to see the change in cells and help scientists study and understand how viruses and bacteria work.

17. Write a short paragraph that compares and contrasts plant and animal cells by considering structures, presence of specialized compounds and forms of energy storage.
Ans:
Animal cells tend to have a looser and bigger structure since animals are more active. Plant cells have a relatively rigid and stable structure with less flexibility.

18.The scientist shown below is looking at cells through a fluorescent microscope. How has the development of technology aided our understanding of life?
Ans: The development of techonolgy opened our eyes to so many great things that we never would have imagined before. With things like microscopes we are able to see a lot more of the close up components of life and lots of other things such as spem cell research that would've been impossible without technology.
If it wasn't for the continuous development of technology we wouldn't know as much about life as we do now.